JFK History essays

JFK History essays John Fitzgerald Kennedy, was the 35th president of the United States. He was the youngest man and the first Roman Catholic ever elected to the presidency. Rich, handsome, elegant, and articulate, he aroused great admiration at home and abroad. His term of office as president was too short, however, to say what his place in history might have been Kennedy was born in Brookline, Massachusetts, on May 29, 1917. His father, Joseph P. Kennedy was a businessman who became a multimillionaire, head of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and ambassador to Great Britain. Kennedy graduated from Choate School in Wallingford, Connecticut. He then briefly attended Princeton University, and then entered Harvard University in 1936. At Harvard he wrote an honors thesis on British foreign policies in the 1930s. It was published in 1940, the year he graduated, under the title Why In 1941, shortly before the United States entered World War II, Kennedy joined the U.S. Navy. He attended a school to learn about the Patrol Torpedo boat. Kennedy was sent to the islands of the South Pacific Ocean where he was in charge of a Torpedo boat, everybody called him Skipper John Kennedy, the boat was called PT 109. The boat had been in battle and and it was dirty. The engines were in need of repair. J.F.K went to work, and soon the PT 109 was ready for war. J.F.K said, "the torpedos would sink any ship on the sea". Near an old pier the PT boats waited every day. When night came, they were ready for war. They drifted out into the ocean and listened for the sound of engines of enemy ships, for three or more nights they did that but they didn't find anything. One night in early autumm four enemy ships had been spotted near an island. The PT boats waited for dark so they wouldn't be seen. Slowly the PT 109 rode the black waves and every man of the crew listened. The crew could here the sou ...

Constructing the Empire State Building

Constructing the Empire State Building Ever since it was built, the Empire State Building has captured the attention of young and old alike.  Every year, millions of tourists flock to the Empire State Building to get a glimpse from its 86th and 102nd-floor observatories. The image of the Empire State Building has appeared in hundreds of ads and movies. Who can forget King Kongs climb to the top or the romantic meeting in An Affair to Remember and Sleepless in Seattle?  Countless toys, models, postcards, ashtrays, and thimbles bear the image if not the shape of the towering Art Deco building. Why does the Empire State Building appeal to so many? When the Empire State Building opened on May 1, 1931, it was the tallest building in the world - standing at 1,250 feet tall. This building not only became an icon of New York City, but it also became a symbol of twentieth-century mans attempts to achieve the impossible. The Race to the Sky When the Eiffel Tower (984 feet) was built in 1889 in Paris,  it  taunted American architects to build something taller. By the early twentieth century, a skyscraper race was on. By 1909 the Metropolitan Life Tower rose 700 feet (50 stories), quickly followed by the Woolworth Building in 1913 at 792 feet (57 stories), and soon surpassed by the Bank of Manhattan Building in 1929 at 927 feet (71 stories). When John Jakob Raskob (previously a vice president of General Motors) decided to join in the skyscraper race, Walter Chrysler (founder of the Chrysler Corporation) was constructing a monumental building, the height of which he was keeping secret until the buildings completion. Not knowing exactly what height he had to beat, Raskob started construction on his own building. In 1929, Raskob and his partners bought a parcel of property at 34th Street and Fifth Avenue for their new skyscraper. On this property sat the glamorous Waldorf-Astoria Hotel. Since the property on which the hotel was located had become extremely valuable, the owners of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel decided to sell the property and build a new hotel on Park Avenue (between 49th and 50th Streets). Raskob was able to purchase the site for approximately $16 million. The Plan to Build the Empire State Building After deciding on and obtaining a site for the skyscraper, Raskob needed a plan. Raskob hired Shreve, Lamb Harmon to be the architects for his new building. It is said that Raskob pulled a thick pencil out of a drawer and held it up to William Lamb and asked, Bill, how high can you make it so that it wont fall down?1 Lamb got started planning right away. Soon, he had a plan: The logic of the plan is very simple. A certain amount of space in the center, arranged as compactly as possible, contains the vertical circulation, mail chutes, toilets, shafts and corridors. Surrounding this is a perimeter of office space 28 feet deep. The sizes of the floors diminish as the elevators decrease in number. In essence, there is a pyramid of non-rentable space surrounded by a greater pyramid of rentable space. 2 But was the plan high enough to make the Empire State Building the tallest in the world? Hamilton Weber, the original rental manager, describes the worry: We thought we would be the tallest at 80 stories. Then the Chrysler went higher, so we lifted the Empire State to 85 stories, but only four feet taller than the Chrysler. Raskob was worried that Walter Chrysler would pull a trick - like hiding a rod in the spire and then sticking it up at the last minute. 3 The race was getting very competitive. With the thought of wanting to make the Empire State Building higher, Raskob himself came up with the solution. After examining a scale model of the proposed building, Raskob said, It needs a hat!4 Looking toward the future, Raskob decided that the hat would be used as a docking station for dirigibles. The new design for the Empire State Building, including the dirigible mooring mast, would make the building 1,250 tall (the Chrysler Building was completed at 1,046 feet with 77 stories). Who Was Going to Build It Planning the tallest building in the world was only half the battle; they still had to build the towering structure and the quicker the better. For the sooner the building was completed, the sooner it could bring in income. As part of their bid to get the job, builders Starrett Bros. Eken told Raskob that they could get the job done in eighteen months. When asked during the interview how much equipment they had on hand, Paul Starrett replied, Not a blankety-blank [sic] thing. Not even a pick and shovel. Starrett was sure that other builders trying to get the job had assured Raskob and his partners that they had plenty of equipment and what they didnt have they would rent. Yet Starrett explained his statement: Gentlemen, this building of yours is going to represent unusual problems. Ordinary building equipment wont be worth a damn on it. Well buy new stuff, fitted for the job, and at the end sell it and credit you with the difference. Thats what we do on every big project. It costs less than renting secondhand stuff, and its more efficient.5 Their honesty, quality, and swiftness won them the bid. With such an extremely tight schedule, Starrett Bros. Eken started planning immediately. Over sixty different trades would need to be hired, supplies would need to be ordered (much of it to specifications because it was such a large job), and time needed to be minutely planned. The companies they hired had to be dependable and be able to follow through with quality work within the allotted timetable. The supplies had to be made at the plants with as little work as possible needed at the site. Time was scheduled so that each section of the building process overlapped - timing was essential. Not a minute, an hour, or a day was to be wasted. Demolishing Glamor The first section of the construction timetable was the demolition of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel. When the public heard that the hotel was to be torn down, thousands of people sent requests for mementos from the building. One man from Iowa wrote asking for the Fifth Avenue side iron railing fence. A couple requested the key to the room they had occupied on their honeymoon. Others wanted the flagpole, the stained-glass windows, the fireplaces, light fixtures, bricks, etc. Hotel management held an auction for many items they thought might be wanted.6 The rest of the hotel was torn down, piece by piece. Though some of the materials were sold for reuse  and  others were given  away for kindling, the bulk of the debris was hauled to a dock, loaded onto barges, and then dumped fifteen miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Even before the demolition of the Waldorf-Astoria was complete, excavation for the new building was begun. Two shifts of 300 men worked day and night to dig through the hard rock in order to make a foundation. Raising the Steel Skeleton of the Empire State Building The steel skeleton was built next, with work beginning on March 17, 1930. Two-hundred and ten steel columns made up the vertical frame. Twelve of these ran the entire height of the building (not including the mooring mast). Other sections ranged from six to eight stories in length. The steel girders could not be raised more than 30 stories at a time, so several large cranes (derricks) were used to pass the girders up to the higher floors. Passersby would stop to gaze upward at the workers as they placed the girders together. Often, crowds formed to watch the work. Harold Butcher, a correspondent for Londons  Daily Herald  described the workers as right there in the flesh, outwardly prosaic, incredibly nonchalant, crawling, climbing, walking, swinging, swooping on gigantic steel frames.7 The riveters were just as fascinating to watch, if not more so. They worked in teams of four: the heater (passer), the catcher, the bucker-up, and the gunman. The heater placed about ten rivets into the fiery forge. Then once they were red-hot, he would use a pair of three-foot tongs to take out a rivet and toss it - often 50 to 75 feet - to the catcher. The catcher used an old paint can (some had started to use a new  catching  can  made  specifically for the purpose) to catch the still red-hot rivet. With the catchers other hand, he would use tongs to remove the rivet from the can, knock it against a beam to remove any cinders, then place the rivet into one of the holes in a beam. The bucker-up would support the rivet while the gunman would hit the head of the rivet with a riveting hammer (powered by compressed air),  shoving  the rivet into the girder where it would fuse together. These men worked all the way from the bottom floor to the 102nd floor, over a thousand fe et up. When the workers finished placing the steel, a massive cheer rose up with hats  waiving  and a flag raised. The very last rivet was ceremoniously placed - it was solid gold. Lots  of Coordination The construction of the rest of the Empire State Building was a model of efficiency. A railway was built at the construction site to move materials quickly. Since each railway car (a cart pushed by people) held eight times more than a wheelbarrow, the materials were moved with less effort. The builders innovated in ways that saved time, money, and manpower. Instead of having the ten million bricks needed for construction dumped in the street as was usual for construction, Starrett had trucks dump the bricks down a chute which led to a hopper in the basement. When needed, the bricks would be released from the hopper, thus dropped into carts which were hoisted up to the appropriate floor. This process eliminated the need to close down streets for brick storage as well as eliminated much back-breaking labor of moving the bricks from the pile to the bricklayer via wheelbarrows.9 While the outside of the building was being constructed, electricians and plumbers began installing the internal necessities of the building.  The timing  for each trade to start working was finely tuned. As Richmond Shreve described: When we were in full swing going up the main tower, things clicked with such precision that once we erected fourteen and a half floors in ten working days - steel, concrete, stone and all. We always thought of it as a parade in which each marcher kept pace and the parade marched out of the top of the building, still in perfect step. Sometimes we thought of it as a great assembly line - only the assembly line did the moving; the finished product stayed in place.10 The Empire State Building Elevators Have you ever stood  waiting  in a ten - or even a six-story building for an elevator  that seemed to take forever? Or have you ever gotten into an elevator and it took forever to get to your floor because the elevator had to stop at every floor to let someone on or off? The Empire State Building was going to have 102 floors and expected to have 15,000 people in the building. How would people get to the top floors without waiting hours for the elevator or climbing the stairs? To help with this problem, the architects created seven banks of elevators, with each servicing a portion of the floors. For instance, Bank A serviced the third through seventh floors while Bank B serviced the seventh through 18th floors. This way, if you needed to get to the 65th floor, for example, you could take an elevator from Bank F and only have possible stops from the 55th floor to the 67th floor, rather than from the first floor to the 102nd. Making the elevators  faster was another solution. The Otis Elevator Company installed 58 passenger elevators and eight service elevators in the Empire State Building. Though these elevators could travel up to 1,200 feet per minute, the building code restricted the speed to only 700 feet per minute based on older models of elevators. The builders took a chance, installed the faster (and more expensive) elevators (running them at the slower speed) and hoped that the building code would soon change. A month after the Empire State Building was opened, the building code was changed to 1,200 feet per minute and the elevators in the Empire State Building were sped up. The Empire State Building Is Finished! The entire Empire State Building was constructed in just one year and 45 days - an amazing feat! The Empire State Building came in on time and under budget. Because the  Great Depression  significantly lowered labor costs, the cost of the building was only $40,948,900 (below the $50 million expected price tag). The Empire State Building officially opened on May 1,  1931, to a lot of fanfare. A ribbon was cut, Mayor Jimmy Walker gave a speech, and President  Herbert Hoover  lit up the tower with a push of a button. The Empire State Building had become the tallest building in the world and would keep that record until the completion of the World Trade Center in New York City in 1972. Notes Jonathan Goldman,  The Empire State Building Book  (New York: St. Martins Press, 1980) 30.William Lamb as quoted in Goldman,  Book  31 and John Tauranac,  The Empire State Building: The Making of a Landmark  (New York: Scribner, 1995) 156.Hamilton Weber as quoted in Goldman,  Book  31-32.Goldman,  Book  32.Tauranac,  Landmark  176.Tauranac,  Landmark  201.Tauranac,  Landmark  208-209.Tauranac,  Landmark  213.Tauranac,  Landmark  215-216.Richmond Shreve as quoted in Tauranac,  Landmark  204. Bibliography Goldman, Jonathan.  The Empire State Building Book. New York: St. Martins Press, 1980.Tauranac, John.  The Empire State Building: The Making of a Landmark. New York: Scribner, 1995.

Proper oils, proposals to improve in all the segments of their company Essay

Proper oils, proposals to improve in all the segments of their company - Essay Example Key Words Biodiesel, Cooking oil. Introduction A SWOT analysis of the company reveals crucial points regarding the company’s market position. The following is the detailed SWOT analysis. Strengths The company has increased in size which means stronger bargaining power over supplies. The company has employed a strong marketing campaign. The company has a motivated team that comprise of 6 people. The team provides reliable and professional service to the company. The company has also adopted a new database system that will be used to manage customer data. The company has also set to increase awareness through redesigning the company with brand and more involvement in the social media. This will create recognition for the company and its products (Kerin 2012).The company has also made liaison with a local company. This will facilitate exchange of ideas between the two companies. The company has set to increase the fleet of vehicles and hence improve delivery of raw materials and products to the market. Opportunities The world consumption of biodiesel is growing and hence this presents a perfect investment opportunity. According to a world report, this growth has been driven by government mandates, tax incentives and the need for energy independence (Fredrick 2012). Cooking oil consumption is also high. The new database system is set to significantly increase the number of customers. Redesigning and branding is set to win back old customers and improve services. The company is relatively new in the market hence it still have potential for growth as it is yet to maximize production. The company can be able to increase productivity through use of new vehicles. The company has the potential to grow through making acquisitions. Weaknesses The company has placed more focus on production of cooking oil at the expense of biodiesel. If the cooking oil products does not bring in the expected revenue the company may face financial difficulties. Brand failure is also a potential weakness for the company. For example, biodiesel produced by the company does not attract a profitable margin. Increase in price of the raw material is also a major challenge facing the company. The company is currently spending a lot on caterers for oil. Loss of customers is also a weakness for the company. There is lack of a reward system. This may make customers feel less valued (Subramanian & Sanjoy 2003). Security is also a major challenge. Threats Competition from other companies has been identified as a major threat facing the company. The local supply of biodiesel in the European market has tremendously grown. The industry is already suffering from overproduction (Thurmond 2008). There is lack of adequate finances to expand production and carry out promotions. The market for cooking fat is saturated by other brands from rival companies. Low margins from biodiesel sales are also a major threat facing the company. Production is also limited to the available used coo king oil that can be collected. A series of failed advertising attempts has also been a major threat. The company’s current situation may not be termed as severe. However, certain issues are eminent from the above analysis which may negatively affect the performance of the company. Key among these issues is the lack of a proper advertising mechanism that could see the company gain more customers. There is little communication between the customers and the company. This may not be effective in retaining customers and creating loyalty. The company is

Final Research paper Ryves Youth Center Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Final Ryves Youth Center - Research Paper Example ought by family members, peers, and social circumstances on a regular basis such as substance abuse, violence, or extreme poverty† (Miller 10)} are faced with complex issues that pose hardships in their life. These problems are largely felt by the family members, relatives and the society. In order to help these â€Å"at risk youth†, many youth centers have been established in the United States. Among these centers is Ryves Youth Center which offers services to children described as â€Å"at risk†, who have experienced physical and sexual abuse, illiteracy, and substance abuse among others. Since its establishment in 1982, Ryves Youth Center has been in the front line to offer guidance and assistance to these young Americans. Most of the children who go to Ryves Youth Center can be categorized as â€Å"at risk youth† as they come from single parent homes, from a poor background and with no one to turn to. For this category of children, Ryves hall take cares of them. Most of these students enter Ryves hall with low esteem, lack of education, hunger, and obviously face unemployment. Some of the activities offered by Ryves hall include basketball, volleyball among other recreation activities. Therefore, it can be argued that Ryves hall is part of the change desired to change the lives of these young Americans. In corroboration with Ryves Youth Center, is the Ryves Community Optimistic Club. The club was established in 2011. Its mission is to assist the youths of the Ryves region by supporting Ryves Youth Center. Ryves Youth Center accepts children from all backgrounds regardless of their social, religion or economic status. According to Ryves Community Optimist Club, approximately 95% of the youth who go to Ryves youth center live below the poverty line and the majority of them are homeless (Para 4). Ryves Community Optimist Club attempts to provide help to the youth center in order to assist them realize their dreams and meet their needs. This includes facilitating

themes and issues in Broken Soup essay Essay Example for Free

themes and issues in Broken Soup essay Essay Winner of the guardian children’s fiction prize, Broken Soup by Jenny Valentine is a novel for young inspired readers. Rowan Clark, a young 15 year old girl is thrown into a whirlpool of problems where one thing leads to another. Loss, grief, friendship, family and love play a big role in the story. The death of her brother Jack, attempted suicide of her mum, the unexplained relationship between Jack and her friend Bee and also the mysterious boy named Harper who befriends Rowan. Everything is linked. Everything will refer back to the themes and issues of Broken Soup. Broken Soup’s theme of loss and death is shown through Jack, his death and the detrimental effects it caused the Clark family. The calamity of Jack’s death affects and influences those all around him. The deceased Jack broke the hearts of many but left an exceptionally large hole in the one who gave birth to him. Jane Clark had missed her son more than anyone else and thus had lost the will to live. The tragic passing away of Jack transpires before the beginning of the book. Rowan’s younger sister Stroma is too young to remember Jack. Unfortunately, this is not the case for Rowan and her mother. The loss of Jack was so great that it destroyed the Clark family. Rowan’s father left the family forcing Rowan to care for the family. With little time to socialise, Rowan must look after both her mother and younger sister. The bereaved Jane Clark can no longer take it, ergo tries to escape the torture by all means killing her self. The death of a loved one can make people lose themselves. Their loss makes us do stupid things. Jane Clark is no exception. She is the paragon example of the severe effects of the theme loss and death. The romance between Jack and Bee illustrates what love can achieve; Valentine uses this to emphasise Broken Soup’s theme of Love and family. The end product of Jack and Bee’s relationship was a child whose part in Broken Soup was to bring Rowan and Bee together as a family. Sonny is given birth to after Jack dies and therefore can be said to have a part of Jack in him. This part of Jack later helps the ultimate recovery of Jane Clark. The love of Bee and Jack was subtle and a secret kept from their family and friends, thus the revelation about Sonny is used to bring those close to Jack together. If Bee and Jack had not met, the Clark family would still be in  strife. Love is powerful and unexplainable. How it brought two families together is an unforgettable part of the story, in which it creates the very essence of the themes love and family. The importance of a friendship can only be portrayed by the one between Harper and Rowan. Harper has ample time and Rowan has many problems so Harper is always there for Rowan, for the better and especially the worst. If Rowan ever needed to shed tears, Harper had his shoulder for her to lean on. Rowan’s mother is fortunately hospitalized after causing self inflicted injuries. As expected, Harper goes to the Clark residence to collect her belongings. Wondering why he took so long, Rowan is particularly moved when she hears Harper had cleaned the house of any blood. Harper was a boy who met Rowan by pure luck. The more they learned about each other the stronger the bond between them. Harper was seldom self centered. Upon hearing about Jack death, Harper does exactly what Rowan wants him to do. Harper is quiet; he takes Rowan’s hand and kisses it. Moments like this help to demonstrate the significant value of the theme friendship. Ultimately, the themes loss, grief, friendship, family and love are not only incredibly insightful issues but also relating to everyday problems. Jenny Valentine is without a doubt an emotionally deep writer. Readers have the opportunity to experience the themes and how they affect Rowan and those close to her. Valentine uses appropriate examples to profoundly exhibit all themes in Broken Soup. Naturally, the themes loss, grief, friendship, family and love all have their own significant meaning in the story.

Advancement Of Women Essay -- essays research papers

Throughout the international community, women have been a primary focus of the United Nations due to their importance to the economic and social balance in a country. The advancement of women is a vital issue concerning the world as the new millenium begins. Although the international community views women with high regard and of the utmost respect, ancient traditions, one sided beliefs, and false stereotypical propaganda, which demean and belittle women are existent in the world today. Historically, women have been victims of inequality and abusive practices, and due to this, many women never reach their full potential in the economic world. First, the primary root that hinders the progress of women is the inferiority complex at an early age. In document UN/ CRC/ 531, analyzed through UNICEF, an estimated 25% of the world’s children (developing world) are in the web of child labor. To add to this, nearly 70% of all girl/female laborers go unregistered, often performing acts of prostitution and strenuous domestic housework. This form of unregistered work is dangerous to young girls because the employers often abuse their employees sexually and physically, as well as psychologically scarring them for years. This alarming fact can be attributed to the inequality of education given to young girls. At an early age, many girls are taught to be inferior to their male counterparts, both mentally and physically. Currently, 75% of all the world’s illiterates are wom... Advancement Of Women Essay -- essays research papers Throughout the international community, women have been a primary focus of the United Nations due to their importance to the economic and social balance in a country. The advancement of women is a vital issue concerning the world as the new millenium begins. Although the international community views women with high regard and of the utmost respect, ancient traditions, one sided beliefs, and false stereotypical propaganda, which demean and belittle women are existent in the world today. Historically, women have been victims of inequality and abusive practices, and due to this, many women never reach their full potential in the economic world. First, the primary root that hinders the progress of women is the inferiority complex at an early age. In document UN/ CRC/ 531, analyzed through UNICEF, an estimated 25% of the world’s children (developing world) are in the web of child labor. To add to this, nearly 70% of all girl/female laborers go unregistered, often performing acts of prostitution and strenuous domestic housework. This form of unregistered work is dangerous to young girls because the employers often abuse their employees sexually and physically, as well as psychologically scarring them for years. This alarming fact can be attributed to the inequality of education given to young girls. At an early age, many girls are taught to be inferior to their male counterparts, both mentally and physically. Currently, 75% of all the world’s illiterates are wom...

Fesibility Study of Banana Vinegar Essay

Banana (Saba) vinegar Conner is known as the fruit basket. One of the fruits that are abundant here is banana. The word â€Å"banana† is a general term embracing a number of species or hybrid in the genus Musa of the family Musaceae. there are many different kinds of banana found in Conner those are the â€Å"Lakatan†, â€Å"Sinlowa†, â€Å"Tanda†, â€Å"Dippig tagalong† and â€Å"Dippig†. Bananas are good for dessert or for cooking description. Banana fruit or dessert is made of soft, easily digestible flesh with simple sugars like fructose, sucrose and glucose combined with fiber. A banana gives an instant, sustained and substantial boost of energy. No wonder the banana is the number one fruit with the world’s leading athletes. But energy isn’t the on ly way a banana can help us keep fit. Vinegar is known as a good ingredient for health, but banana vinegar is much better because banana is a fruit rich in dietary fiber and vitamins. It is also rich in potassium, that plays in the reducing the risk of high blood pressure and stroke, increasing strength and reducing stress. Connerians are very good in making banana vinegar only for household consumption but it is good to develop or to improve as their one means of livelihood. II. PRODUCT DESCRIPTON Ripe or over ripe banana will be the one to be used in the production of banana vinegar because it has abundant source in the locality. III.PROMOTER NAMES ADDRESSCP NUMBER Asejo, Thelmaflor B.Padaoan, Conner, Apayao09056942627 Sanagen, Freda D.Guina-ang, Conner, Ap.09352600370 Lucena, Roldan F.Caglayan, Conner, Ap.09169701473 IV. MARKET ASSESSMENT You don’t come across something as wonderful as this everyday. Our mild, fruity vinegar comes from the purely ripe banana. Unlike some flavored  vinegars, this isn’t plain vinegar with banana flavor added, Most people flip when they taste the vinegar. Of course it works as a key player in a salad dressing but we’ve been having fun with ceviches, in particular. The flavor is fruity, and while it’s clearly banana, it’s not too sweet or cloying. The acidity is 6%. Mixed in salads, there’s a vague but wonderful tropical quality that trancends cuisines. V. COMPETITION ANALYSIS The advantage of this venture is having no competitors yet in the municipality.

Rules of Interpretation

A  statute  is a formal written enactment of a  legislative  authority that governs a  state,  city, or  county. Typically, statutes command or prohibit something, or declare policy. Statutory interpretation  is the process by which courts interpret and apply  legislation. Some amount of interpretation is always necessary when a case involves a  statute. Sometimes the words of a statute have a plain and straightforward meaning. But in many cases, there is some  ambiguity  or vagueness  in the words of the statute that must be resolved by the judge.To find the meanings of statutes, judges use various tools and methods of statutory interpretation, including rules of interpretation. The five (5) main rules of statutory interpretation are: 1. The Context Rule When the context rule is used to interpret an act it is understood with reference to the words which are in immediate connection to it. This can be expressed by the Latin maximum â€Å"noscitur a sociisâ⠂¬  which means â€Å"a word may be known by the company it keeps† when translated.The context rule is a more accurate way of interpreting a statute because in each rule we tend to find out the meaning of a statute by learning about the context in which it was written. When a word stand alone it may have one specific definition however when one word is used in more than one context it may have a variety of different meanings. When using the context rule one should consult the definition section of the statute and the Interpretation Act. 2.Interpretation in the Light of Policy ( The Fringe Meaning) Courts often announce that that they are trying to discover the intention of the legislature when interpreting statutes. If the courts find it difficult to decide whether a particular situation falls within a statute or not, the situation was probably unforeseen by the legislature. In this case the members of parliament would be just as confused as the judges. When statutes are con structed the maker of the document may not mean to include that which the court is concerned to ascertain, but they have said. . The Mischief Rule When the mischief rule is applied the act or document is to be constructed to suppress mischief and advance the remedy. In applying the rule, the court is essentially asking what was the â€Å"mischief† that the previous law did not cover? The Mischief Rule is of narrower application than the  golden rule  or the  literal  rule in the sense that it can only be used to interpret a statute and only when the statute was passed to remedy a defect in the common law.The way in which the mischief rule can produce more sensible outcomes than those that would result if the literal rule were applied is illustrated by the ruling in  Smith v Hughes  (1960). It was a crime for prostitutes to â€Å"loiter or solicit in the street for the purposes of prostitution†. The defendants were calling to men in the street from balconies and tapping on windows. They claimed they were not guilty as they were not in the â€Å"street. † The judge applied the mischief rule to come to the conclusion that they were guilty as the intention of the Act was to cover the mischief of harassment from prostitutes. . The Literal Rule Literal rule states that if the words in an act are precise and unambiguous then they should be used in their natural and ordinary sense. The court can not extend the statute to a case outside of its terms bit with its purpose. Neither can it leave out the case that the statutes literally include thought it should not. If any doubt arises then the circumstances behind the enactment of the act are taken into consideration. Thus if the words are clear in themselves then they are to be put into effect. 5.The Golden Rule In golden rule, the meaning of the words are modified in order to avoid repugnance, inconsistency or absurdity. This rule applies in a few cases. In the first case the rule allows the court to prefer a sensible meaning, which would be the most obvious, to an absurd one even though both are possible. In another case this rule will only be used if the words are absolutely incapable of coinciding with the obvious intention of the statute. It is only where the words will avoid an unreasonable result that they must prevail.

Comparison Contrast on Anorexia and Bulimia essays

Comparison Contrast on Anorexia and Bulimia essays In todays society, where physical characteristics are used to measure beauty and success, people are willing to push their bodies to extremes to achieve physical perfection. As an overweight woman, I may be considered a failure of societys beauty test. However, my high self-esteem and acceptance of my body allows me to not be disturbed by what, to some, may seem as a sign of failure. Unfortunately, there are people whose desire to be accepted by society causes them to develop eating disorders. The two most common are called anorexia and bulimia (WebMD.Com Eating 1). The Anorexia Nervosa and Related Eating Disorders, association (ANRED), states Anorexia and bulimia affect primarily people in their teens and twenties, but clinicians report both disorders in children as young as six and individuals as old as seventy-six (ANRED Statistics 1). Anorexia and bulimia are both serious eating disorders with differences and similarities in their symptoms, diagnosis, causes, treatments and prognosis. Although anorexia and bulimia share many of the same symptoms, they also have many differences. About half of people with anorexia also have symptoms of bulimia (MayoClinic.Com 2). According to the American Anorexia Bulimia Association (AABA), some symptoms of anorexia are: excessive exercising, depression, weakness, exhaustion, constipation, and loss of menstrual period in women (AABA Anorexia 1). They also state that bulimics suffer from those symptoms as well. (AABA Bulimia 1). Although there are similarities, each disorder has its own unique characteristics. A major symptom of bulimia is binging and purging. Bulimics practice binging, eating large amounts of food at one time, and purging, causing themselves to vomit, or defecate, in an attempt to prevent weight gain (Reyes 1). Anorexics, however, restrict their diets and starve themselves in attempt to stay thin and if possible, lose more weight (&qu...

Top 10 Student Films Sitcoms For Your Perfect Campus Movie Night Party

Top 10 Student Films Sitcoms For Your Perfect Campus Movie Night Party One of the easiest and cheapest ways to enjoy a fantastic social life, making new friends, and enjoying your time together is simply to have a night in, and be creative with it as you can. College life is renowned for being a blast, and that isn’t just about heading to the nearest bar, it’s about enjoying every single day of your time there, from nights in, nights out, and everything in-between. Imagine the scene – snacks, comfortable clothes, a few drinks, throw some cushions on the floor, make yourself truly comfortable, and kick back and relax with a few film favourites. If you’re struggling for inspiration on what to watch however, check out these ideas. Good Will Hunting You don’t have to be a slightly rebellious math genius to enjoy this film, and it’s the ideal choice for those who may be feeling a little homesick, or want to enjoy a rather tear-jerker film with friends. We know that Matt Damon is the janitor from the wrong side of the tracks, and he forms an unlikely friendship with crazy lecturer, Robin Williams. This film is epic. The Roommate Hopefully you won’t be watching this film with any new roommates, because you might start looking at them in a different light, but the film itself is ideal for a movie night. Basically, the plot is about a girl who is assigned a new roommate, and at first they get on like a house on fire, but then said roommate turns out to be a little, well, psychotic. The Big Bang Theory You might wish you were living in California and studying, just like these lot, but this sitcom is one to make you laugh. You have nine series to work your way through, so you have enough for a few movie nights in to keep you going, and whether you’re the beauty, or the geek, you can’t help but laugh. Laughs are what hold people together, and forming new friendships is best done through laughter! Eat, Pray, Love At first you might think this is a film which is a tad too deep and meaningful for a night in, however after the first half an hour, I dare you not to be inspired. Julia Roberts explores her wants and needs, across various locations in the world, before falling well and truly in love, not only with the man in her life, but with herself too. The Scream series Who doesn’t love a rather ridiculous movie that is supposed to be scary? Of course, this movie is scary in parts, but you simply have to laugh in equal parts. Turn down the lights, open a bottle of wine or two, laugh and hide under the duvet. Legally Blonde When you’re studying something new, you have to believe in yourself, and this film has that message in abundance. Reese Witherspoon proves you can be blonde, into fashion, not really that knowledgeable about a subject, but still win through with hard work, perseverance, and a good heart. The ideal girly film for a night in. The Graduate Male or female, you will love this film, ideal for that movie night with your new student buddies. This is a classic, with Dustin Hoffman taking centre stage as Benjamin, the new graduate who despite his parents’ hopes for his future, ends up forming a rather complicated attachment to his father’s business partner. Essay Writing Place can take care about your essay writing while you watch great movies. Mona Lisa Smile Julia Roberts is at it again in this girl power period drama. We head back to the 1950s, where the lady herself is an art history teacher, however she soon realises that her students are more interested in bagging themselves a man, rather than learning about their studies. This is another about female empowerment, but one which is perfect for a night in with a few snacks. If you’re new to university, this is a great way to bond with your new friends too. Dirty Dancing Are you having the time of your life? Bonding with friends is fantastic over this classic, feel-good film, and ideal for those hoping to meet their own Jonny Castle at university. You could of course try and recreate that iconic final dance, and the winner gets a prize! The Inbetweeners We’re not all lucky enough to be the popular ones at school or college, and if you’re in the opposite category, as many of us are, you can certainly empathise, and probably laugh at, the antics of Will, Simon, Neil, and Jay. If you run out of series, start on the two films. So, a night in will save you cash, and also has the added perk of offering a range of activities to enjoy as part of your movie night, such as food, drink, competitions, laugher, photographs, and recreations. Happy watching!

Getting tough on Crime (Canadian Society) Essay

Getting tough on Crime (Canadian Society) - Essay Example From the research it is clear that many people believe that fighting fire with fire is the only suitable way for crime to be reduced. Others strongly disagree with this assumption. Around the world, today, many cases have been on the rise as to the extent police have used excess force to deal with criminals. As much as the criminals seem to have it coming, many people still insist that they need to be tried and judged fairly in a court of law. This means that even in the judicial system, they have to be proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt to be locked up. What certain policies being implemented aim at achieving is ridding the streets of criminals and crimes completely. There have been some that advocate the locking up of criminals for a minimum of ten years for certain crimes. These policies are the cause of concern among many. These cases have seen the call for the re-evaluation of the policies due to the deteriorating state crime fighting is facing. This paper will review the a pproaches that have been used to handle crime and if indeed they are working. In society, today, there are many assumptions about crime. They often come about due to the various factors present. These factors could include; the media, which include both print and electronic, stereotypes, cultural and ethnic differences among other things that are present in any society. These factors together bring about a common fear for certain things or people and, therefore, the dominant assumptions about crime. ... Media coverage has been to blame for the recent rise in crime. However, societies like the Canadian society do not believe that the media has played any role in the rise of crime. They believe that crime is real, and this has nothing to do with the coverage the media has given acts of crime over time (Department of Justice, 2011). Another assumption usually placed on crime would be that crimes committed are of different levels. In Canada, they place crimes against children at the top of the most important crimes. This is closely followed by crimes that are the gang and youth related and finally, violence against women (Department of Justice, 2011). This assumption could mean that if a person is guilty of a crime against the above mentioned they are liable for a greater or harsher punishment. It would greater than when they would have done it against a young man or a mature male. Canada has decided to take the tough approach with crime and criminals. Policies have been made, and bills have been passed to ensure that criminals, once brought to book, bear the full brunt of the law. The judicial system has been mandated to penalise all those of different crimes with longer jail sentences. The reason, it seems, is to bring the law abiding citizen some peace. The assumption that when a criminal gets off easy after being arrested then, the law-abiding citizen is angered by it. They think that the law is coddling the wrongdoers (European Association of Psychology and Law, 2011). Sentences have been extended for those caught by the law. This is even for the smallest crimes imaginable. According to the policy makers, there is no little crime. A crime is a crime, and once the law has been broken, it is in